Installazione di BIND su CentOS

Cos’è bind?

BIND è un software alternativo per tradurre i nomi di dominio in indirizzi IP. Poiché i nomi di dominio sono alfabetici, sono più facili da ricordare. Quindi, se navigheremo su Internet, non dobbiamo ricordare gli indirizzi IP. Ad esempio, il nome di dominio www.yourdomain.com potrebbe tradursi in 192.168.0.1.

1. Puoi controllare

Il pacchetto BIND

[root@server named]# rpm -qa bind*

bind-libs-9.2.4-2
bind-utils-9.2.4-2
bind-9.2.4-2

2. Impostare il computer NS1 con IP 192.168.0.1 come nameserver e nome di dominio yourdomain.com

[root@server ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 192.168.0.1

3. Impostare il file /etc/named.conf

[root@server ~]# nano /etc/named.conf

// named.conf per Red Hat caching-nameserver
options {
   directory "/var/named";
   dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
   statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
/*
 * Se c'è un firewall tra te e i nameserver con cui vuoi
 * comunicare, potresti dover decommentare la direttiva query-source
 * qui sotto. Le versioni precedenti di BIND chiedevano sempre
 * domande usando la porta 53, ma BIND 8.1 utilizza una porta non privilegiata
 * per impostazione predefinita.
 */
 // query-source address * port 53;
};

// configurazione di un nameserver solo caching
controls {
 inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };
};

zone "localhost" IN {
   type master;
   file "localhost.zone";
   allow-update { none; };
};

zone "yourdomain.com" IN {
   type master;
   file "/var/named/yourdomain.com.zone";
   allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
   type master;
   file "/var/named/0.168.192.rev";
   allow-update { none; };
};

include "/etc/rndc.key";

4. Impostare il file /var/named/yourdomain.com.zone

Prima devi creare il file yourdomain.com.zone; puoi usare questa sintassi:

[root@server ~]# nano /var/named/yourdomain.com.zone

$TTL            86400
@               IN SOA          yourdomain.com.  root.yourdomain.com. (
100     ; serial
1H      ; refresh
1M      ; retry
1W      ; expiry
1D )    ; minimum
@                   IN NS             ns1.yourdomain.com.
@                   IN A              192.168.0.1
ns1                IN A              192.168.0.1
@                   IN MX   10      mail.yourdomain.com.
mail               IN A              192.168.0.1
WWW                IN A              192.168.0.1

5. Impostare il file /var/named/0.168.192.rev

Prima devi creare il file 0.168.192.rev; puoi usare questa sintassi:

[root@server ~]# nano /var/named/0.168.192.rev

$TTL    86400
@                   IN SOA          yourdomain.com. root.yourdomain.com. (
100     ; serial
1H      ; refresh
1M      ; retry
1W      ; expiry
1D)     ; minimum
@                   IN NS             ns1.yourdomain.com.
1                   IN PTR          binggo.yourdomain.com.

6. nslookup

yourdomain.com

[root@server ~]# slookup yourdomain.com

Server: 192.168.0.1
Address: 192.168.0.1#53

Name: yourdomain.com
Address: 192.168.0.1

7. dig yourdomain.com

[root@server ~]# dig yourdomain.com

; DiG 9.2.4 yourdomain.com
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10576
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;yourdomain.com. IN A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
yourdomain.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.0.1

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
yourdomain.com. 86400 IN NS ns1.yourdomain.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns1.yourdomain.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.0.1
;; Query time: 8 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.0.1#53(192.168.0.1)
;; WHEN: Sat Aug 2 10:56:16 2008
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 85

8. La configurazione per NS 1 è completata

Se vedi errori, puoi provare a cambiare i permessi della cartella /var/named.

[root@server ~]# chmod 777 -Rvf /var/named/

modalità di /var/named/’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx) modalità di/var/named/named.zero’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
modalità di /var/named/localhost.zone’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx) modalità di/var/named/198.99.208.rev’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
modalità di /var/named/data’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx) modalità di/var/named/named.local’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
modalità di /var/named/named.ca’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx) modalità di/var/named/named.ip6.local’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
modalità di /var/named/localdomain.zone’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx) modalità di/var/named/yourdomain.com.zone’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
modalità di /var/named/named.broadcast’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx) modalità di/var/named/slaves’ cambiata in 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)

9. Controlla il log /var/log/messages per scoprire se ci sono errori

[root@server ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: listening on IPv4 interface venet0:0, 192.168.0.1#53
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 100
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone yourdomain.com/IN: loaded serial 100
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 42
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: running
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone yourdomain.com/IN: sending notifies (serial 100)
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 100)
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: received notify for zone ‘yourdomain.com’
Aug 2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: received notify for zone ‘0.168.192.in-addr.arpa’