Um Guia para Iniciantes sobre LVM

Até agora, temos três volumes lógicos, mas não temos nenhum sistema de arquivos neles, e sem um sistema de arquivos não podemos salvar nada neles. Portanto, criamos um sistema de arquivos ext3 em share, um sistema de arquivos xfs em backup e um sistema de arquivos reiserfs em media:

mkfs.ext3 /dev/fileserver/share

server1:~# mkfs.ext3 /dev/fileserver/share  
mke2fs 1.40-WIP (14-Nov-2006)  
Filesystem label=  
OS type: Linux  
Block size=4096 (log=2)  
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)  
5242880 inodes, 10485760 blocks  
524288 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user  
First data block=0  
Maximum filesystem blocks=0  
320 block groups  
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group  
16384 inodes per group  
Superblock backups stored on blocks:  
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,  
        4096000, 7962624  
 
Writing inode tables: done  
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done  
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done  
 
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or  
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

mkfs.xfs /dev/fileserver/backup

server1:~# mkfs.xfs /dev/fileserver/backup  
meta-data=/dev/fileserver/backup isize=256    agcount=8, agsize=163840 blks  
                =                       sectsz=512   attr=0  
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25  
                =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks, unwritten=1  
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096  
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=1  
                =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks  
realtime =none                   extsz=65536  blocks=0, rtextents=0

mkfs.reiserfs /dev/fileserver/media

server1:~# mkfs.reiserfs /dev/fileserver/media  
mkfs.reiserfs 3.6.19 (2003 www.namesys.com)  
 
A pair of credits:  
Alexander Lyamin keeps our hardware running, and was very generous to our  
project in many little ways.  
 
Chris Mason wrote the journaling code for V3, which was enormously more useful  
to users than just waiting until we could create a wandering log filesystem as  
Hans would have unwisely done without him.  
Jeff Mahoney optimized the bitmap scanning code for V3, and performed the big  
endian cleanups.  
 
 
Guessing about desired format.. Kernel 2.6.17-2-486 is running.  
Format 3.6 with standard journal  
Count of blocks on the device: 262144  
Number of blocks consumed by mkreiserfs formatting process: 8219  
Blocksize: 4096  
Hash function used to sort names: "r5"  
Journal Size 8193 blocks (first block 18)  
Journal Max transaction length 1024  
inode generation number: 0  
UUID: 2bebf750-6e05-47b2-99b6-916fa7ea5398  
ATENÇÃO: VOCÊ DEVE REINICIAR APÓS FDISK!  
        TODOS OS DADOS SERÃO PERDIDOS EM '/dev/fileserver/media'!  
Continue (y/n):y  
Initializing journal - 0%....20%....40%....60%....80%....100%  
Syncing..ok  
 
Tell your friends to use a kernel based on 2.4.18 or later, and especially not a  
kernel based on 2.4.9, when you use reiserFS. Have fun.  
 
ReiserFS is successfully created on /dev/fileserver/media.

Agora estamos prontos para montar nossos volumes lógicos. Quero montar share em /var/share, backup em /var/backup e media em /var/media, portanto, devemos criar esses diretórios primeiro:

mkdir /var/media /var/backup /var/share

Agora podemos montar nossos volumes lógicos:

mount /dev/fileserver/share /var/share  
mount /dev/fileserver/backup /var/backup  
mount /dev/fileserver/media /var/media

Agora execute

df -h

Você deve ver seus volumes lógicos na saída:

server1:~# df -h  
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on  
/dev/sda2              19G  665M   17G   4% /  
tmpfs                  78M     0   78M   0% /lib/init/rw  
udev                   10M   88K   10M   1% /dev  
tmpfs                  78M     0   78M   0% /dev/shm  
/dev/sda1             137M   17M  114M  13% /boot  
/dev/mapper/fileserver-share  
                      40G  177M   38G   1% /var/share  
/dev/mapper/fileserver-backup  
                      5.0G  144K  5.0G   1% /var/backup  
/dev/mapper/fileserver-media  
                      1.0G   33M  992M   4% /var/media

Parabéns, você acabou de configurar seu primeiro sistema LVM! Agora você pode gravar e ler de /var/share, /var/backup e /var/media como de costume.

Montamos nossos volumes lógicos manualmente, mas, claro, gostaríamos que eles fossem montados automaticamente quando o sistema inicializa. Portanto, modificamos /etc/fstab:

mv /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_orig  
cat /dev/null > /etc/fstab

vi /etc/fstab

Coloque o seguinte nele:

| # /etc/fstab: informações do sistema de arquivos estático. # # proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/sda2 / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1 /dev/sda1 /boot ext3 defaults 0 2 /dev/hdc /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 /dev/fileserver/share /var/share ext3 rw,noatime 0 0 /dev/fileserver/backup /var/backup xfs rw,noatime 0 0 /dev/fileserver/media /var/media reiserfs rw,noatime 0 0 |

Se você comparar com nosso backup do arquivo original, /etc/fstab_orig, você notará que adicionamos as linhas:

/dev/fileserver/share   /var/share     ext3       rw,noatime    0 0  
/dev/fileserver/backup    /var/backup      xfs        rw,noatime    0 0  
/dev/fileserver/media    /var/media      reiserfs   rw,noatime    0 0

Agora reiniciamos o sistema:

shutdown -r now

Após o sistema ter reiniciado, execute

df -h

novamente. Ele ainda deve mostrar nossos volumes lógicos na saída:

server1:~# df -h  
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on  
/dev/sda2              19G  665M   17G   4% /  
tmpfs                  78M     0   78M   0% /lib/init/rw  
udev                   10M   88K   10M   1% /dev  
tmpfs                  78M     0   78M   0% /dev/shm  
/dev/sda1             137M   17M  114M  13% /boot  
/dev/mapper/fileserver-share  
                      40G  177M   38G   1% /var/share  
/dev/mapper/fileserver-backup  
                      5.0G  144K  5.0G   1% /var/backup  
/dev/mapper/fileserver-media  
                      1.0G   33M  992M   4% /var/media

Um Guia para Iniciantes sobre LVM - Página 3

Receba novas postagens na sua caixa de entrada