Um Guia para Iniciantes sobre LVM

Agora fazemos o mesmo processo novamente, desta vez substituindo /dev/sdc e /dev/sde:

mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sdc1  
 mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sdc1  
 mdadm --manage /dev/md1 --fail /dev/sde1  
 mdadm --manage /dev/md1 --remove /dev/sde1

fdisk /dev/sdc  
 fdisk /dev/sde

mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdc1  
 mdadm --manage /dev/md1 --add /dev/sde1

cat /proc/mdstat

Aguarde até que a sincronização tenha terminado.

Em seguida, criamos os arrays RAID /dev/md2 a partir de /dev/sdb2 e /dev/sdc2, bem como /dev/md3 a partir de /dev/sdd2 e /dev/sde2.

mdadm --create /dev/md2 --auto=yes -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2

server1:~# mdadm --create /dev/md2 --auto=yes -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2  
 mdadm: array /dev/md2 started.

mdadm --create /dev/md3 --auto=yes -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sdd2 /dev/sde2

server1:~# mdadm --create /dev/md3 --auto=yes -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sdd2 /dev/sde2  
 mdadm: array /dev/md3 started.

Os novos arrays RAID devem ser sincronizados antes de prosseguirmos, então você deve verificar

cat /proc/mdstat

server1:~# cat /proc/mdstat  
 Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid5] [raid4] [raid6] [raid10]  
 md3 : active raid1 sde2[1] sdd2[0]  
       59464512 blocks [2/2] [UU]  
       [=>...................]  resync =  5.1% (3044224/59464512) finish=5.5min speed=169123K/sec  
 
 md2 : active raid1 sdc2[1] sdb2[0]  
       59464512 blocks [2/2] [UU]  
       [=>...................]  resync =  5.5% (3312512/59464512) finish=9.3min speed=100379K/sec  
 
 md0 : active raid1 sdc1[0] sdb1[1]  
       24418688 blocks [2/2] [UU]  
 
 md1 : active raid1 sde1[0] sdd1[1]  
       24418688 blocks [2/2] [UU]  
 
 unused devices:

Após a sincronização ter terminado, preparamos /dev/md2 e /dev/md3 para LVM:

pvcreate /dev/md2 /dev/md3

server1:~# pvcreate /dev/md2 /dev/md3  
  Physical volume "/dev/md2" successfully created  
  Physical volume "/dev/md3" successfully created

e adicionamos /dev/md2 e /dev/md3 ao nosso grupo de volumes fileserver:

vgextend fileserver /dev/md2 /dev/md3

server1:~# vgextend fileserver /dev/md2 /dev/md3  
  Volume group "fileserver" successfully extended

Agora vamos executar nossos *comandos de exibição:

pvdisplay

server1:~# pvdisplay  
  --- Physical volume ---  
  PV Name               /dev/md0  
  VG Name               fileserver  
  PV Size               23.29 GB / not usable 0  
  Allocatable           yes (but full)  
  PE Size (KByte)      4096  
  Total PE              5961  
  Free PE               0  
  Allocated PE          5961  
  PV UUID               7JHUXF-1R2p-OjbJ-X1OT-uaeg-gWRx-H6zx3P  
   
  --- Physical volume ---  
  PV Name               /dev/md1  
  VG Name               fileserver  
  PV Size               23.29 GB / not usable 0  
  Allocatable           yes  
  PE Size (KByte)      4096  
  Total PE              5961  
  Free PE               18  
  Allocated PE          5943  
  PV UUID               pwQ5AJ-RwVK-EebA-0Z13-d27d-2IdP-HqT5RW  
   
  --- Physical volume ---  
  PV Name               /dev/md2  
  VG Name               fileserver  
  PV Size               56.71 GB / not usable 0  
  Allocatable           yes  
  PE Size (KByte)      4096  
  Total PE              14517  
  Free PE               14517  
  Allocated PE          0  
  PV UUID               300kTo-evxm-rfmf-90LA-4YOJ-2LG5-t4JHnf  
   
  --- Physical volume ---  
  PV Name               /dev/md3  
  VG Name               fileserver  
  PV Size               56.71 GB / not usable 0  
  Allocatable           yes  
  PE Size (KByte)      4096  
  Total PE              14517  
  Free PE               14517  
  Allocated PE          0  
  PV UUID               LXFSW6-7LQX-ZGGU-dV95-jQgg-TK44-U5JOjO

vgdisplay

server1:~# vgdisplay  
  --- Volume group ---  
  VG Name               fileserver  
  System ID  
  Format                lvm2  
  Metadata Areas        4  
  Metadata Sequence No  26  
  VG Access             read/write  
  VG Status             resizable  
  MAX LV                0  
  Cur LV                3  
  Open LV               3  
  Max PV                0  
  Cur PV                4  
  Act PV                4  
  VG Size               159.98 GB  
  PE Size               4.00 MB  
  Total PE              40956  
  Alloc PE / Size       11904 / 46.50 GB  
  Free  PE / Size       29052 / 113.48 GB  
  VG UUID               dQDEHT-kNHf-UjRm-rmJ3-OUYx-9G1t-aVskI1

lvdisplay

server1:~# lvdisplay  
  --- Logical volume ---  
  LV Name                /dev/fileserver/share  
  VG Name                fileserver  
  LV UUID                bcn3Oi-vW3p-WoyX-QlF2-xEtz-uz7Z-4DllYN  
  LV Write Access        read/write  
  LV Status             available  
  # open                 1  
  LV Size               40.00 GB  
  Current LE            10240  
  Segments               2  
  Allocation             inherit  
  Read ahead sectors     0  
  Block device           253:0  
   
  --- Logical volume ---  
  LV Name                /dev/fileserver/backup  
  VG Name                fileserver  
  LV UUID                vfKVnU-gFXB-C6hE-1L4g-il6U-78EE-N8Sni8  
  LV Write Access        read/write  
  LV Status             available  
  # open                 1  
  LV Size               5.00 GB  
  Current LE            1280  
  Segments               1  
  Allocation             inherit  
  Read ahead sectors     0  
  Block device           253:1  
   
  --- Logical volume ---  
  LV Name                /dev/fileserver/media  
  VG Name                fileserver  
  LV UUID                H1gagh-wTwH-Og0S-cJNQ-BgX1-zGlM-LwLVzE  
  LV Write Access        read/write  
  LV Status             available  
  # open                 2  
  LV Size               1.50 GB  
  Current LE            384  
  Segments               1  
  Allocation             inherit  
  Read ahead sectors     0  
  Block device           253:2

Se suas saídas parecerem semelhantes, você substituiu com sucesso seus pequenos discos rígidos por maiores.

Agora que temos mais espaço em disco ( 2 23.29GB + 2 56.71GB = 160GB) poderíamos aumentar nossos volumes lógicos. Até agora você sabe como aumentar partições ext3 e reiserfs, então vamos aumentar nosso volume lógico de backup agora que usa xfs:

lvextend -L10G /dev/fileserver/backup

server1:~# lvextend -L10G /dev/fileserver/backup  
  Extending logical volume backup to 10.00 GB  
  Logical volume backup successfully resized

Para aumentar o sistema de arquivos xfs, executamos

xfs_growfs /dev/fileserver/backup

server1:~# xfs_growfs /dev/fileserver/backup  
 meta-data=/dev/fileserver/backup isize=256    agcount=8, agsize=163840 blks  
        =                       sectsz=512   attr=0  
 data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25  
        =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks, unwritten=1  
 naming   =version 2              bsize=4096  
 log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=1  
        =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks  
 realtime =none                   extsz=65536  blocks=0, rtextents=0  
 data blocks changed from 1310720 to 2621440

A saída de

df -h

deve agora parecer com isso:

server1:~# df -h  
 Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on  
 /dev/sda2              19G  666M   17G   4% /  
 tmpfs                  78M     0   78M   0% /lib/init/rw  
 udev                   10M  116K  9.9M   2% /dev  
 tmpfs                  78M     0   78M   0% /dev/shm  
 /dev/sda1             137M   17M  114M  13% /boot  
 /dev/mapper/fileserver-share  
                       40G  177M   38G   1% /var/share  
 /dev/mapper/fileserver-backup  
                       10G  272K   10G   1% /var/backup  
 /dev/mapper/fileserver-media  
                       1.5G   33M  1.5G   3% /var/media

É isso! Se você chegou até aqui, agora deve estar acostumado com LVM e LVM em RAID.

9 Links

Gerenciando Espaço em Disco com LVM: http://www.linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2006/04/27/managing-disk-space-with-lvm.html
Uma introdução simples ao trabalho com LVM: http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/410
Debian: http://www.debian.org

Um Guia para Iniciantes sobre LVM - Página 9

9 Links

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